How is the citrus tristeza virus spread?
Tristeza virus is spread through budding and grafting or by aphids feeding on citrus. The melon aphid, Aphis gossypii, is the vector for all tristeza isolates (types) found in California; it does not however, transmit all isolates equally well.
Where is citrus tristeza virus found primarily?
Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is probably the most destructive citrus virus in the world. About 30 million trees on sour orange rootstocks were lost in Brazil and Argentina in the years 1940–60, 6.6 million trees in Venezuela in the 1980s, and an estimated 10 million trees in Florida and other Caribbean Basin countries.
Which of the following is a vector of citrus tristeza virus?
Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is transmitted by several aphid species in a semi-persistent manner with Toxoptera citricida, the brown citrus aphid (BrCA), being the most efficient. As yet, the molecular interactions between the virus and its aphid vectors have not been determined.
What are the symptoms of quick decline?
Overall symptoms include: quick decline (pictured left), stem/trunk pitting, seedling yellowing, poor fruit quality (pictured right) and loss of chlorophyll in leaves.
What causes potato leaf roll?
PLRV is transmitted by aphids, primarily the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae. PLRV is one of the most important potato viruses worldwide but particularly devastating in countries with limited resources and management.
What causes citrus greening?
Citrus greening is spread by a disease-infected insect, the Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama or ACP), and has put the future of America’s citrus at risk. Infected trees produce fruits that are green, misshapen and bitter, unsuitable for sale as fresh fruit or for juice.
What does citrus tristeza virus do?
Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is a viral species of the genus Closterovirus that causes the most economically damaging disease to its namesake plant genus, Citrus. The disease has led to the death of millions of Citrus trees all over the world and has rendered millions of others useless for production.
Which of the following is an economically important viral disease of citrus trees?
Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is probably the most economically important virus disease of citrus in the world, having killed more than 50 million trees on sour orange rootstock, beginning with the epidemic in Argentina and Brazil in the 1930s (Lee, Baker, & Rocha-Pena, 1994).
Why does my orange tree have dead branches?
One simple reason for any citrus dieback, including twig dieback, limb decline, and leaf or fruit drop, is that the plant is stressed from something. This could be a pest infestation, disease outbreak, old age or a sudden environmental change such as drought, flooding, or extensive root or storm damage.
How do you control potato leaf roll virus?
Chemical control of potato leafroll virus is aimed at controlling aphids in order to reduce spread of the virus within a field. Apply insecticides from early to mid-season if aphids and potato leafroll virus are present.
How do you control potato leafroll virus?
Management strategies
- Plant only certified or virus-tested tubers.
- Remove all self-sown potatoes and solanaceous weeds.
- Avoid planting new and seed potato crops near old, ware or processing crops.
- Rogue (remove) infected plants showing virus symptoms from seed potato crops.
What is CTV (Citrus tristeza virus)?
Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is a viral species of the genus Closterovirus that causes the most economically damaging disease to its namesake plant genus, Citrus.
How do you get tristeza virus?
Tristeza virus is spread through budding and grafting or by aphids feeding on citrus. The melon aphid, Aphis gossypii, is the vector for all tristeza isolates (types) found in California; it does not however, transmit all isolates equally well.
How bad is the citrus virus?
Although the virus has killed millions of trees, almost destroying whole industries, and continually limits production in many citrus growing areas, most isolates are mild or symptomless in most of their host range. There is little understanding of how the virus causes severe disease in some citrus and none in others.
What are the different Tristeza diseases?
Tristeza diseases, including quick decline, seedlings yellows, and stem pitting are different syndromes caused by different isolates of the tristeza virus. They differ in their virulence and their reaction to different scion cultivar and to the rootstock upon which the scion is growing.